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Spatial Indicators for a Europe 2020 Strategy Territorial Analysis – SIESTA
2014
Il contributo descrive la situazione del contesto territoriale italiano a partire dai risultati del progetto ESPON SIESTA in riferimento agli indicatori spaziali per la strategia Europe 2020.
Gallium preference for the occupation of tetrahedral sites in Lu3(Al5-xGax)O12multicomponent garnet scintillators according to solid-state nuclear ma…
2019
Abstract In this study, the distributions of aluminum and gallium atoms over the tetrahedral and octahedral sites in the garnet structure were investigated in mixed Lu3Al5-xGaxO12 crystals by using 27Al and 71Ga magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and single crystal 71Ga NMR. The experimental study was supported by theoretical calculations based on density functional theory (DFT) in order to predict the trends in terms of the substitutions of Al by Ga in the mixed garnets. Both the experimental and theoretical results indicated the non-uniform distribution of Al and Ga over the tetrahedral and octahedral sites in the garnet structure, with a strong preference for Ga occupy…
Terahertz Spin‐to‐Charge Conversion by Interfacial Skew Scattering in Metallic Bilayers
2021
The efficient conversion of spin to charge transport and vice versa is of major relevance for the detection and generation of spin currents in spin‐based electronics. Interfaces of heterostructures are known to have a marked impact on this process. Here, terahertz (THz) emission spectroscopy is used to study ultrafast spin‐to‐charge‐current conversion (S2C) in about 50 prototypical F|N bilayers consisting of a ferromagnetic layer F (e.g., Ni81Fe19, Co, or Fe) and a nonmagnetic layer N with strong (Pt) or weak (Cu and Al) spin‐orbit coupling. Varying the structure of the F/N interface leads to a drastic change in the amplitude and even inversion of the polarity of the THz charge current. Rem…
Exotic Spin-Orbital Physics in Hybrid Oxides
2016
We compare the effective spin-orbital super\-exchange triggered by magnetic $3d$ impurities with $d^3$ and $d^2$ configurations and either no orbital degree of freedom (orbital dilution) or hole replacing a doublon (charge dilution) in a $4d^4$ Mott insulator with $S=1$ spins. Impurities causing orbital dilution act either as spin defects decoupled from the surrounding ions, or generate orbital polarons along $d^3$-$d^4$ hybrid bonds. The exchange on these bonds determines which orbital is occupied by a doublon on the host site. In case of charge dilution by $3d^2$ impurities additional $\propto T_i^+T_j^+$ terms arise which enhance orbital fluctuations. We show that such terms may radicall…
Design Scheme of New Tetragonal Heusler Compounds for Spin-Transfer Torque Applications and its Experimental Realization
2012
Band Jahn-Teller type structural instabilities of cubic Mn(2)YZ Heusler compounds causing tetragonal distortions can be predicted by ab initio band-structure calculations. This allows for identification of new Heusler materials with tunable magnetic and structural properties that can satisfy the demands for spintronic applications, such as in spin-transfer torque-based devices.
Spin caloric transport from density-functional theory
2019
Spin caloric transport refers to the coupling of heat with spin transport. Its applications primarily concern the generation of spin currents and control of magnetisation by temperature gradients for information technology, known by the synonym spin caloritronics. Within the framework of ab initio theory, new tools are being developed to provide an additional understanding of these phenomena in realistic materials, accounting for the complexity of the electronic structure without adjustable parameters. Here, we review this progress, summarising the principles of the density-functional-based approaches in the field and presenting a number of application highlights. Our discussion includes th…
Effects of High-Definition Anodal Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Applied Simultaneously to Both Primary Motor Cortices on Bimanual Sensorimo…
2017
Many daily activities, such as tying one’s shoe laces, opening a jar of jam or performing a free throw in basketball, require the skillful coordinated use of both hands. Even though the non-invasive method of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has been repeatedly shown to improve unimanual motor performance, little is known about its effects on bimanual motor performance. More knowledge about how tDCS may improve bimanual behavior would be relevant to motor recovery, e.g., in persons with bilateral impairment of hand function. We therefore examined the impact of high-definition anodal tDCS (HD-atDCS) on the performance of a bimanual sequential sensorimotor task. Thirty-two volun…
Heterogeneous photocatalysis: guidelines on experimental setup, catalyst characterization, interpretation, and assessment of reactivity
2019
Soon after the publication of the first pioneering works on heterogeneous photocatalysis, the number of papers on this topic continuously increased. This intriguing field of research is very complex as it endows with an interdisciplinary overview that involves different aspects of chemistry, physics, material and environmental sciences. Even if photocatalytic applications in real processes are often difficult to be implemented and scaled-up, investigations at laboratory scale are easy to be performed, and in some cases they may give rise to misconceptions. For this reason, the present work aims to sum up most of the common experimental techniques and procedures generally used in heterogeneo…
Euclid preparation: XI. Mean redshift determination from galaxy redshift probabilities for cosmic shear tomography
2021
Ilbert, O., et al. (Euclid Collaboration)
Photoluminescence and Electron Spin Resonance of Silicon Dioxide Crystal with Rutile Structure (Stishovite)
2018
This work was supported by ERANET MYND. Also, financial support provided by Scientific Research Project for Students and Young Researchers Nr. SJZ/2017/2 realized at the Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia is greatly acknowledged. The authors express our gratitude to R.I. Mashkovtsev for help in ESR signal interpretation. The authors are appreciative to T.I. Dyuzheva, L.M. Lityagina, N.A. Bendeliani for stishovite single crystals and to K. Hubner and H.-J. Fitting for stishovite powder of Barringer Meteor Crater.